Your gut microbiome is like a bustling city of bacteria—some friendly, some troublemakers. If you have celiac disease, that balance can change dramatically. Harmful bacteria, such as Bacteroides and Proteobacteria, tend to overpopulate, while beneficial types, like Lactobacilli and Bifidobacteria, decrease. This imbalance—dysbiosis—worsens the situation by making gluten digestion harder and your intestinal lining more permeable (hello, leaky gut!). Even if you’re following a strict gluten-free diet, your gut microbiome could still tip the scales, influencing symptoms or healing.